A 17-YEAR RECORD OF METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS ACROSS THE GRAN CAMPO NEVADO ICE CAP IN SOUTHERN PATAGONIA, CHILE, RELATED TO SYNOPTIC WEATHER TYPES AND CLIMATE MODES

The network of long-term meteorological observations in Southernmost Patagonia is still sparse but crucial to improve our understanding of climatic variability, in particular in the more elevated and partially glaciated Southernmost Andes.Here we present a unique 17-year meteorological record (2000–2016) of four automatic weather stations (AWS) a

Marine mammals are integral to global biodiversity and marine health through their roles in coastal, benthic, and pelagic ecosystems.Marine mammals face escalating threats from climate change, pollution, and human activities, which perturb their oceanic environment.The diverse biology and extreme adaptations evolved by marine mammals make them impo

Glacial karst (GK) is combination of phenomenon and processes as a result of which specific surface forms and cavities inside ice are formed.Hummocky relief with abundance of lakes, channels and reservoirs inside ice and on ice-rock contact are typical for GK.GK development occurs under acting of physical process of ice melting instead of limestone